There will be multiple choice questions (such as those that follow), slide identification questions and short answer questions

Supposedly there is one answer for each of these that is correct or, at least, is the best answer.   Which?

_____ 1. Plants and animals first became established on land during the ________ .
A. early Proterozoic Eon                          D. Paleozoic Era
B. late Proterozoic Eon                            E. Mesozoic Era
C. Cenozoic Era

_____2. Which of the following types of plants dominates most of the world's land areas today?
A. angiosperms     B. gymnosperms     C. bryophytes     D. ginkos     E. lycopods

_____3. A yeast is a(n) _________ adapted to ________ .
A. mycelium, life in soil
B. protozoan, life in water
C. fungal protistan, life in rotten logs
D. unicellular fungus, life in wet environments
E. unicellular alga, life in dry environments

_____4. A brown alga seaweed might be ___________ .
A. living in Lake Whatcom
B. responsible for the thickener in your salad dressing
C. food for amphibians
D. able to form mycorrhizae with fungi
E. classified as a plant in your text (CMR)

_____5. The _______ represents the sporophyte generation of a conifer, while the _______ is a gametophyte.
A. cone, tree     B. tree, cone     C. tree, pollen     D. tree, seed     E. seed, tree

_____6. You find a small, elongated animal embedded in sand with one end sticking out. It has segmental musculature, a coelom, a series of pores on either side of the body, and a complete digestive tract with an anus located partway down the body. This animal is _________ .
A. an annelid (segmented worm)
B. either an annelid or a larval echinoderm
C. either an annelid, a larval echinoderm, or a chordate
D. either a larval echinoderm or a chordate
E. a chordate

_____7. Which of the following characteristics is (are) seen only in chordates?
           1. bilateral symmetry     3. gill slits in pharynx
           2. a coelom                   4. notochord
A. 1          B. 2          C. 3          D. 4          E. both 3 and 4

_____8. Which of the following choices pairs a characteristic with two groups in which it is found?
A. amniotic egg: amphibians, reptiles
B. radial body plan: flatworms, Cnidarian medusae
C. embryonic notochord: bony fishes, larval amphibians
D. endoskeleton: lobsters, sea urchins
E. hinged jaws: lampreys, bony fish

_____9. Which of the following types of study has yielded results that support the hypothesis that all modern humans are descended from a single population of Homo erectus?
A. studies of the distribution of "Lucy"-like fossils
B. studies comparing the distributions of australopithecine and H. erectus fossils.
C. studies of fossilized Neanderthal DNA
D. studies of mitochondrial DNA among living human populations
E. comparative studies of the mitochondrial DNA of H. sapiens and H. erectus

_____10. In animals bilateral symmetry is always associated with which other characteristic?
A. sessile feeding strategies
B. development of a head
C. incomplete digestive tract
D. coevolution with bilaterally symmetrical flowers
E. herbivorous diets

_____11. Bacteria differ from protista in __________
A. presence of nuclei
B. presence of membrane bound organelles
C. type of flagellum (if present)
D. all of these
E. none of these

_____12. A major trend of evolution of plants involves the ___________ .
A. reduction of the sporophyte phase
B. reduction of the gametophyte phase
C. formation of larger, photosynthetic spores
D. separation of male and female sporophytes
E. reduction in vascular tissue in the gametophyte

_____13. Most building timber in this country comes from which group?
A. Basidiomycota                                    D. Angiosperms
B. Tree Ferns                                          E. Cycads
C. Gymnosperms

_____14. Which of the following events are most closely tied with the Mesozoic Era?
A. Rise of the gymnosperms
B. Diversification of monkeys
C. Diversification of the dinosaurs
D. A and B
E. A and C

_____15. Which of the following environmental characteristics has NOT been suggested as an evolutionary "force"?
A. the arrangement of the stars in the constellation Orion
B. predation of one group on another
C. newly available environments (land, coastal evironments, etc.)
D. isolation of populations on islands
E. changes in the climate

There will also be some questions asking you to identify the kingdom, phylum or class (vertebrate classes) of organisms based on views of them in Kodachrome slides, drawings or written descriptions.
 

Possible short answer questions:

16.  List five major evolutionary events in order (any five that we have regarded as being important).

17.  Describe the changes in the general position of the continents from the early Paleozoic to present day, giving approximate time for each "arrangement or change" in millions of years before present.

18.  What event(s) caused there to be three major Eras in the Phanerozoic Eon?

19.  Name one group of organisms whose evolutionary history (and distribution of fossil forms or present-day relatives) is explained in part by an understanding of past continent movements (continental drift) and explain what aspects of continental movements were involved in the distribution of those organisms.

20.  Give two examples of close mutualistic, parasitic or coevolved associations between groups of organisms:  of each name the group and its phylum for each of the associates and give the benefit or harm to each of the associates.
 

[Answers ]